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4.7 star rating
0
What is the best alternative to GNU/Linux?
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NetBSD
All
7
Experiences
Pros
5
Cons
1
Specs
Top
Pro
Adhere to the standard
It adheres to traditional Unix and new defined standards.
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Con
Lack of drivers
It lacks drivers for some new devices.
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Top
Pro
It's Open Source
It's open source with a BSD License, which is much more business friendly than GPL. It's the real ancestor of Mac, that is being used nowadays.
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Top
Pro
It's real
Under NetBSD csh is csh not tcsh; also vi is real vi not elvis, nvi or vim. It's ideal for purists.
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Top
Pro
Architecture portability
It's the most portable OS in the world when considering what architectures it can run on. It runs on very wide range of hardware, from toaster to satellites. This of course does not mean it supports drivers for many consumer facing products making it a difficult solution to just boot up and use when compared to other OSs.
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Pro
Clean source code
It prioritizes source code cleanliness over anything.
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Specs
Based On:
Research Unix>Berkeley Software Distribution>
Official Supported Architectures:
https://www.netbsd.org/ports/
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Experiences
0
53
13
macOS
All
30
Experiences
Pros
15
Cons
14
Specs
Top
Pro
Polished UI
The UI of Mac OS is rather unrivaled. The smooth, responsive, and cohesive UI makes the system quite joyous to use.
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Top
Con
Expensive
OSX is tied Apple hardware and Apple hardware tends to be expensive for what it gives.
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Top
Pro
Based on Unix
macOS being a UNIX certified system means that you can install a lot more stuff with a lot fewer headaches than if you were on Windows.
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Top
Con
Limited hardware
Usually, the hardware that can run this can't be upgraded.
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Top
Pro
Easy access to lots of great dev tools
There's a large selection of great development tools available for OSX. The operating system itself comes bundled with a powerful terminal emulator, called Terminal. Additionally, Apple provides tools, like Xcode, an IDE that contains a comprehensive collection of tools for developing OSX and iOS software, for free.
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Top
Con
Most software is closed source
For people who like to use open source tools for their development work, this may be a problem. There's plenty of advantages to open source software, one of which is the ability to tinker with and customize the tools themselves that you are using. Although there's plenty of FOSS tools available for Mac, especially through Homebrew, the number of packages available is much lower than the number of packages available for any Linux distribution.
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Pro
Powerful terminal
It's very similar to a Linux terminal.
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Con
Closed source
Mac OS is closed source itself, which means that it is developed more slowly and has more problems.
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Pro
Best support for Objective-C
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Top
Con
No native package management
A comparison of package managers available for OSX can be found here.
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Top
Pro
More commercial software and gaming support compared to other Unix systems
Adobe CC, MS Office, Steam games.
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Con
Poor application support
Fewer apps run on Mac OS than on Windows or Linux.
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Top
Pro
Has many special tools for developers
Has support for multiple IDEs.
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Top
Con
Bash version is obsolete
macOS comes with an obsolete version of Bash, due to licensing issues.
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Top
Pro
Lots of open-source software available
Because it's Unix under the fancy GUI, most open source ports easily to it.
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Top
Con
Vendor-Lock-in
You are now forced to use the Apple services.
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Top
Pro
Ideal setup, out of the box
Next to no custom configuration is necessary.
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Top
Con
Silly modifier keys layout
The Command key is strange, Alt is where Super should be.
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Top
Pro
Great Git GUI tools
Tower, Kaleidoscope, SourceTree.
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Top
Con
Poor X11 integration
The most open source software does work but is very poorly integrated due apples ancient version of the X-server.
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Top
Pro
Has software that only runs on Mac
For example, Sketch.
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Top
Con
Very few options for running hosted, on the cloud
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Top
Pro
Streamlined workflow between devices
Because this is an Apple product, there is a streamlined workflow between your computer and all mobile devices. For example, if you type an a Pages document, once you save, you can open the updated document just moments later on your iPad, and vice versa. The same goes for iMessage, (yes, you can text people with your phone number from your computer. Actually, you can text other people with apple devices with just your Apple ID, with or without a phone number, for free!) Numbers, Notes, Reminders, Contacts, and just about any other Apple workflow application.
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Top
Con
Too little customization options
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Top
Pro
Great modifier key layout
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Top
Con
Touchbar on Macbook Pro's
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Top
Pro
Using VMware you can also run Windows 10 on the Mac
This is useful for testing and some development tools that are Windows-only (XML Spy, MapForce).
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Top
Con
Not very user-friendly
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Top
Pro
You need it to compile macOS or iOS apps
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Specs
License:
EULA
Based On:
Research UNIX>BSD>NeXTSTEP
OS Family:
UNIX (BSD/Darwin)
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Experiences
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359
212
Slackware
All
15
Experiences
Pros
8
Cons
6
Specs
Top
Pro
Stable
Uses stable, plain-vanilla packages from upstream.
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Top
Con
Not user-friendly
It is made to be KISS (keep it simple, stupid), so you have to do everything by hand.
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Top
Pro
Strong adherence to UNIX Principals
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Top
Con
Large size live ISO
One needs to vain 3GB+ data for downloading one slackware ISO.
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Top
Pro
Ideal to learn more of Linux
Follows the original Linux roots. It still sees Linux as a free clone of UNIX so the distribution tries to be UNIX-like.
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Top
Con
Narrow repos
Doesn't offer the same amount of options as other distros do.
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Top
Pro
Package management
Uses standard tar archives with shell scripting as packages.
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Top
Con
Niche/small community
Slackware is its own niche and has a small community.
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Top
Pro
One more distro which is init based
Some users don't like to install systemd based distros because they increase booting and processing speed.
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Con
Very slow release cycle
Hasn't updated in 3+ years.
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Top
Pro
Oldest surviving Linux distro
Besides Debian (which was first released in August 1993), it is the oldest still maintained Linux Distribution and was first released in July 1993.
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Con
Dependency issues
When it comes to dependencies, Slackware shows more issues than many other distros.
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Pro
Super fast
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Top
Pro
No systemd
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Specs
Based On:
Softlanding Linux System
Default Desktop Environment:
KDE, Xfce, NONE
Init-System:
SysVinit
Package Manager:
pkgtool
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Experiences
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415
62
Haiku
All
11
Experiences
Pros
5
Cons
5
Specs
Top
Con
No one uses it
It's a very niche OS that no one uses.
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Top
Pro
Very fast
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Top
Con
Unfinished
It's still in beta and quite unstable. Making it unsuitable for developing applications of any kind.
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Top
Pro
Beta has been released
After about 6 years since the alpha version, beta has been released on Fri, 2018-09-28. Check here for release notes.
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Top
Con
Language support is terrible
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Top
Pro
Only need 512mb ram
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Top
Con
Small community
It is important when developing to be familiar with tools that other developers use. You can make any utility in any language you feel like, but if it's in an esoteric language that no one can read targeting a small platform that no one uses, then it was just something you did as a hobbyist, not as a developer. This is not to say that Haiku isn't a great operating system to hack around on. Just don't delude yourself into thinking you're doing it to get familiar with tools that you need to know to be a better developer.
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Top
Pro
Stability
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Top
Con
UI quite different to other OSes
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Top
Pro
Runs perfectly on old Hardware
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Specs
License:
MIT
OS Family:
BeOS-like
Programming Language:
C++, C
Widget Toolkit:
Interface Kit
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Experiences
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95
20
illumos
All
5
Experiences
Pros
4
Specs
Top
Pro
Open Source
Illumos is completely free and open source.
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Top
Pro
ZFS file system
illumos uses ZFS as its file system. ZFS is also a logical volume manager besides being a combines file system. The main features of ZFS include: protection against data corruption, data compression, checking continuous integrity, high storage capacities support etc...
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Pro
Zones
Zones provide an isolated environment to run applications in. Processes that run in zones are prohibited to interfere or monitor any other activity in the system.
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Top
Pro
Performance analysis and troubleshooting
illumos uses DTrace for performance analysis and troubleshooting.
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Specs
OS Family:
UNIX (Solaris)
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24
7
Debian GNU/Linux
All
44
Experiences
Pros
29
Cons
14
Specs
Top
Pro
Wide choice in desktop environments
Debian offers stable and testing CD images specifically built for GNOME (the default), KDE Plasma Workspaces, Xfce and LXDE. Less common window managers such as Enlightenment, Openbox, Fluxbox, GNUstep, IceWM, Window Maker and others can also be installed.
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Top
Con
Stable release contains extremely outdated packages
If you want the newest packages, you'll have to do a minimal installation of Debian stable then upgrade to testing or you need to install testing directly.
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Top
Pro
Standard vanilla Linux desktop
Debian runs standard Gnome, XFCE, KDE - it doesn't use its own special desktop environment or debian specific modifications or customisations, which means that users benefit from the work of the whole Linux community, Debian developers can focus on the distribution itself, and any support for your desktop environment on other distributions should work on Debian as well.
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Top
Con
No default support for unfree drivers
Debian does not official support unfree software so if you have a wifi card or anything elese that requires an unfree driver you will need to download the unofficial/non-advertised non-free iso image which contains all unfree driver packages.
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Top
Pro
Wide choice of hardware platforms
Debian has the widest choice of hardware platforms, including: amd64, armel, armhf, i386, ia64, kfreebsd-i386, kfreebsd-amd64, mips, mipsel, powerpc, sparc, s390, s390x, source, multi-arch.
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Top
Con
Ridiculous package splitting
Even though it makes sense to split devel and the actual binary of an application, the splitting has become as mess in debian and its derivates: for example the nvidia driver is splitted into over 40 different packages.
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Top
Pro
Very stable
Debian has a Stable branch, where packages are thoroughly tested before release. Furthermore Debian is know to be the definition of stable when it comes to production systems.
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Top
Con
Internal quarrels harm the project
Instead of working all together to provide the best Operating System, some maintainers are just ignorant and aggressive to new ideas or new maintainers. That led to many crises and controversy in Debian's history.
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Top
Pro
Install and forget
Once installed you can almost forget about it and start to use your desktop for your daily tasks.
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Con
Systemd is everywhere
Systemd is very hard to debug by itself, and can break in very strange ways (such as not being able to mount a single partition on bootup), but the increasing number of desktops that are relying on specific functionality provided only by systemd (policy kit, dbus, etc) makes the entire system more fragile and harder to debug.
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Top
Pro
Easy to find help with any problem
Debian is one of the oldest and most popular distros out there. Debian's popularity means that you will always be able to find a solution for your problem just by searching on Google, or if by chance nobody has had the problem you are having it's very easy to ask the community and quickly get a solution.
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Top
Con
Outdated kernel of the live system
Since the LiveCD is based on Debian stable the kernel is old, outdated but stable.
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Pro
Comes with over 55.500 packages
Because of its popularity, Debian has a lot of applications available which range from productivity programs to business software, games and development tools. It comes with over 55.500 packages (software that is precompiled and ready to be installed on a local machine) -- all of them for free.
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Con
Not designed for general desktop usage
By default, Debian Stable is not that great of a distro for general desktop usage, since the packages are very outdated. You'll have to spend a while configuring the system in order to make it work.
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Top
Pro
Highly secure system
Known for being consistent in maintaining a highly secure system. Several other popular distros use Debian as a base or core for their own Linux OS, the security being one of the main factors why it's so commonly used.
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Con
No choices
Debian basically doesn't give you any choices, even dpkg supports this feature with virtual packages: for example, it is very hard to use a different sound system than ALSA, like OSS4 or to use ALSA with pulse audio emulation, and the same goes for different init systems.
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Pro
Rolling or Release based
Every Debian Release can either use a Rolling or Release based model.
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Top
Con
Inconsistent init systems
While Linux uses systemd, non-Linux ports use the traditional sysvinit.
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Pro
Well-working team
The developer works very well so the the code is one of the best written out there.
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Con
Hard to learn
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Pro
A lot of ways to install software
You can either use aptitude, apt or apt-build to install software from the Debian package archives.
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Top
Con
Breaks if you suspend/resume
Breaks when you resume the activity on the system if you use nvidia cards.
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Top
Pro
Great for gaming
As Debian is the base for SteamOS and because Ubuntu is based on it, it's almost certain that all Linux games will run properly and require no hacks like creating symbolic links because of some hardcoded paths.
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Top
Con
Buggy and non-user friendly
You need to know almost as much as Arch and deal with documentation not as good as the Arch wiki in order for Debian to work.
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Top
Pro
Big open-source project
The Debian project is one of the biggest open source projects with over 5000 active contributors.
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Con
No good choices of fresh desktop environments
GNOME is quite outdated and buggy; KDE is too old, even in Sid it is at 5.14 branch (at Jun 13 2019 Plasma 5.16 is available in many rolling/fresh distros); XFCE behaves like crooked, visual artifacts at the taskbar and so on; Cinnamon as far as I know works better in Linux Mint compared to (almost) any other distro; For other desktop environments (e.g. MATE) can't say - these are too new (as projects) and possibly incomplete, thus might have many bugs.
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Top
Pro
Supports SecureBoot
You don't have to disable SecureBoot if you use it, which is useful for LiveUSB or dualboot setups.
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Top
Con
Old software is not useful, but is stable
Certainly for the stable and old stable versions. But the testing version has quite up to date software.
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Top
Pro
The Debian Social Contract
Guaranteed commitment to adherence to values, principles, priorities, requirements and guidelines by the Debian project.
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Pro
A real installer
Unlike other distributions that just extract their Live image, Debian offers a real traditional and modular installer to customize the installation.
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Pro
Strict separation of non-free software
Debian is one of the few distros that let the user choose if he wants a free system or not.
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Pro
Debconf
Depending how it is configured debconf does the most of the hard work for you and only asks you with configuration /file conflicts.
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Pro
Widely supported
Almost any software that is available for Linux provides a Debian package.
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Pro
Many ports
Debian supports almost any Kernel maintained CPU instructions set. It has also a few non Linux Ports.
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Pro
Apt-build
It is possible to rebuild the entire system and optimize it for your hardware (of course, it is not as detailed as Gentoo's USE flags).
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Pro
Unique release cycle
The most Linux distros have one or two stages before a release, but Debian has five before a new stable version is released (experimental > unstable > testing > code-freeze/bug hunting > stable).
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Pro
TUI installer
The Debian installer can still be launched as text/curses-like installer which is more compatible and keyboard-friendly than the graphical version.
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Pro
Standard archives
Debs are normal ar and tar archives with shell scripting and additional gz, bz, lzma or xz compression.
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Pro
Live install images for CDs, DVDs and USB thumb drives
Debian releases live install images for CDs, DVDs and USB thumb drives, for the i386 and amd64 architectures, and with a choice of desktop environments. These Debian Live images allow the user to boot from a removable media and run Debian without affecting the contents of their computer.
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Pro
Wise release model
Debian stable does not update a lot and instead provides stability and well tested softwares. You don't get distracted by every shiny new stuff that comes out, and focus on what matters: productivity and reliability of your system.
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Pro
Debian Fast Track for stable
Stable gets backported software from here.
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Pro
Great choice for returning Linux users
If you haven't used Linux for a long time, say 5-10 years, it's a great distro in which you can quickly get in the boat again. You don't have to worry about falling back. Everything is in its place.
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Pro
Has small amount of today's bugs (e.g. no duplicate web cameras in Skype - likely not Skype's fault)
But has quite a few bugs from 2016-2017, apparently for long term.
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Specs
Based On:
NONE
Default Desktop Environment:
GNOME
Init-System:
Systemd
Package Manager:
dpkg with apt, aptitude or apt-build
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Experiences
Free
2859
436
FreeBSD
All
10
Experiences
Pros
5
Cons
4
Specs
Top
Con
Pathetic third-party application support
Need to run Photoshop? No luck. Even most software that's portable to Linux will have a hard time running on FreeBSD. You're stuck with ONLY running the free software.
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Top
Pro
Powerful ports collection
Ports provide a wide collection of software which are easy to build, install and modify. They contain recipes and patches to build various software, so you can simply run "make && make install" to build and install the software. You may also keep local patches and it would be picked up automatically. It also allows you to use the latest software even if you are not using the latest version of the operating system.
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Con
Inferior driver support for workstations
Lack of drivers for some modern personal devices.
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Pro
Batteries included
Base system contains basic developer tools, including compiler, debugger and system utilities.
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Con
Not for beginners
If a user needs an easy way to navigate around the filesystem, a text only Unix-derivative is not his best choice.
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Pro
Jails mechanism
Jails allow for partitioning a system into several independent "mini-systems", a feature not found in many of the popular OS choices.
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Con
Very shallow desktop support
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Pro
Stable updates
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Pro
Great philosophy
FreeBSD won't change everything from a version to another, it tries to keep and maintain old tools as long as possible, and won't replace half the system every two versions like GNU/Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, Arch or Fedora does. everything is stable and also pretty minimal. FreeBSD is designed for performance.
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Specs
License:
BSD
Price:
Free
Language:
C
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Experiences
0
46
14
Plan 9
All
6
Experiences
Pros
2
Cons
3
Specs
Top
Con
Difficult to use software made for other systems
Plan 9 is very different from most other operating systems, and as such it's extremely difficult to bring in software designed for other operating systems ('porting').
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Pro
Well designed
Plan 9's design is very orthogonal and well done.
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Top
Con
No fully featured web browser
As indicated on the official Bell Labs webpage, there is no full featured web browser currently working on Plan 9, except abaco.
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Pro
Designed to allow for multiple computers to work as if they were one
With Plan 9, computers are turned into terminals where you can access files and processing units which can be located elsewhere. Data storage is handled by another external server. This means that instead of each person having their own individual computer with all the required parts, all of the computing and storage is done in a central area and everything is networked in together.
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Con
Not supported by most tools
Not supported by most dev tools beyond text editors.
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Specs
License:
MIT
OS Family:
Plan 9
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16
7
Kali Linux
All
5
Experiences
Pros
3
Cons
2
Top
Pro
Better than ParrotOS, BackBox for hacking purpose
Contains too many tools for hacking. Those tools are not already included in BackBox or ParrotOS.
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Con
Not intended to be a daily driver
This distro was written for pen testing and security work. It is not meant to be a day-to-day OS (unless that's your job).
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Pro
Standard pentest tool set
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Con
Very old packages
E.G. Firefox's current version is 61 but Kali linux consists of its 52th version. Though kernel is not that old.
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Pro
Live session distro used for forensics
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271
99
Ubuntu
All
37
Experiences
Pros
22
Cons
14
Specs
Top
Pro
Lots of support
As the most popular Linux distribution, there's a wide range of sources for support online if you ever need help, including the Ubuntu Wiki, Ubuntu Forums and the Ask Ubuntu Stack Exchange site.
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Con
No rolling release
New Ubuntu versions are released two times a year, during this period almost all software receives only security updates and minor bug fixes.
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Pro
Use it on almost any device
Not just for laptops - Ubuntu was designed with tablets and touchscreen devices in mind, and with phone support on the way. Ubuntu also has Long Term Support releases, as well as a version oriented toward servers, so you can use the same OS at work or on mobile as you do on your desktop.
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Con
Relatively high system requirements
The default GNOME desktop environment is a resource hog which requires hardware accelerated graphics rendering in order to run smoothly, making out of the box Ubuntu unsuitable for low end systems and older hardware. Even mildly aged hardware, you'll get far better performance out of a lighter desktop environment like LXDE or XFCE.
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Pro
Good PPA repositories available
PPA repositories allow you to install the latest version of your preferred software while keeping the rest of the operating system "stable".
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Con
Unstable
Some people pointed out that updating Arch is a high risk affair. And one should carefully read forums before doing it. The same is true about Ubuntu. Making system updates (like it was with 10.04 to 11.04) that screw so many things up became a routine. Even LTS releases should not give confidence that it will work.
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Pro
Simplicity
Ubuntu is designed to be used by everyday people. Because of that, Ubuntu has tried hard to make a user interface that's intuitive and looks pleasant and clean.
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Con
Binary incompatible to Debian
Ubuntu releases are based on Debian testing/unstable, however, unlike other Debian-based distributions they are not binary compatible due to different libc versions, so you can't install Debian packages in Ubuntu and vice versa.
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Pro
Great long term support release schedule (2 years)
This allows for users to always have a new supported release available without long unkown wait times in between.
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Con
Splits the Debian community
The most packages are imported from Debian but Ubuntu uses own bug trackers and develops its own patches.
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Pro
Stable
It‘s one of the most stable Linux Distros.
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Con
Snaps advertised as native packages in apt
When you try to install a normal Firefox package, it instead installs a Firefox snap.
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Pro
Just works out of the box
Lots of support for hardware, lots of pre-installed software, and a smooth install process means less time downloading drivers, less time digging through configuration files, and less time deciding on software to use just to get up and running. It also means less time digging through forums looking for support.
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Con
Extremely un-customizable
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Pro
Wide range of software out of the box
The default apps available in Ubuntu cover the gamut of most anyone's needs. From music, video or office applications Ubuntu has an app that will cover the users needs.
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Con
Doesn't shutdown/standby properly on Lenovo laptops (b, e & g series) and desktops (Thinkcentre)
Ubuntu has some serious issue with some Lenovo laptops and desktops. Sometimes, it doesn't shutdown correctly.
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Pro
Perfect for collaboration on open source projects
This is probably the best option when collaborating on open source projects in hardware. This is mostly because packages and tools are readily available via software center.
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Con
A tweaked Gnome version
Instead of original Gnome desktop with Ubuntu you get a tweaked Gnome and most of the tweaks makes user experience worse.
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Pro
Flexible
The setup for personal use is simple enough for anyone to achieve, and can easily be modified to act as a server. Programs and all features are easy to find and use, and first-timers can easily pick up on how to use it.
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Con
Redundant
With the removal of Unity, there is no point in choosing Ubuntu over Debian anymore because everything else is imported from Debian to Ubuntu.
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Pro
Dedicated software center
The Ubuntu Software Center offers a GUI interface for installing new apps which is extremely easy and welcoming for beginners to Linux. But it should not be used by more advanced users since the method of installing through the terminal is much faster and easier after one is used to it.
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Con
Systemd
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Pro
Company behind it
This means that the system must run well, otherwise they will lose money.
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Con
Not so strong at all
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Pro
Good UI for small monitors
Because the menu usually is in the title bar and the launcher auto-hides, the whole screen can be used by an application.
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Con
Company stays behind it
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Pro
Snaps
You can get up to date and stable apps right inside the snap store (Ubuntu Software). The snap store has official snaps provided by major publishers, so you can get most of the software you need without having to add third party PPAs to your system.
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Con
Native apps are still being updated
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Pro
Looks good
Ubuntu looks clean even when running from a LiveCD.
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Pro
Cares about stable drivers
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Pro
UTF-8 is the default character encoding
Beginning with Ubuntu 5.04, UTF-8 became the default character encoding, which allows for support of a variety of non-Roman scripts.
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Pro
Unified search
Type any query into the Dash Home, and search will look through files, stores and web-pages to find what you are looking for.
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Pro
Has a clean Gnome interface
Gnome has lot of extensions available and can be custmoized rather easily.
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Pro
Runs at low resources
Run far faster than Windows on Dell laptop.
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Pro
Support Active Directory
As of Ubuntu version 21.04, Active Directory is supported out of the box.
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Pro
Beautiful font rendering
Ubuntu has one of the best font rendering on Linux. It is thanks to how good the Ubuntu fonts are crafted by the Ubuntu team.
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Specs
Based On:
Debian Stable(core) Testing/Unstable(universe/multiverse)
Languages:
German
Default Desktop Environment:
GNOME
Init-System:
Systemd
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Experiences
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1751
561
MS-DOS
All
8
Experiences
Pros
3
Cons
5
Top
Con
Not a modern OS
If you need to know how to run legacy software that will run on DOS (crazier things have happened, there's probably still some ancient, leviathan, software out there that requires it), go for it. Otherwise you're practicing skills that are out of date and are using an operating system that is woefully insecure.
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Pro
Use old editor Edit
The grandfather of Notepad, very easy to use, hassle-free text editor.
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Con
Literally horrible
MS-DOS is terrible -- just read about real mode. It was an almost decent solution for its time, but not anymore.
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Pro
Brings back memories to older developers
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Con
Way too simple
A stripped down version of Unix, some commands just got renamed and advanced options removed.
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Pro
Best OS to run QBASIC on
While QBASIC works on newer operating systems, such as Windows 95 and Windows 98, it was designed for and runs best on MS-DOS.
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Con
Dead
Ended in the 21st century.
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Con
No internet support
Using Internet with MS-DOS is not trivial.
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Experiences
23
91
TempleOS
All
4
Experiences
Pros
3
Cons
1
Top
Con
Lead maintainer is dead
Terry Davis was hit by a train and it's unclear who will be taking over the project in his absence.
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Pro
It's templeOS
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Pro
Allows you to talk to God
TempleOS comes with an oracle that lets you communicate directly with the Lord.
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Pro
Created by the smartest programmer that's ever lived
Terry Davis wrote the entire operating system, and the compiler for the language that the OS is written in, by himself.
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0.00
15
5
None/All
All
11
Experiences
Pros
6
Cons
5
Top
Pro
Stop being a fanboy
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Con
UI look and feel may be non native.
If your goal is to develop something that looks like it fits in, this can be tricky with some cross platform languages (Java being a notable example, though there are libraries that can help this).
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Pro
Potentially larger user base
You are not constrained to a subset of the market, thereby the opportunities to get help should be greater when only constrained by language rather than language & OS.
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Con
You may still need to deal with idiosyncrasies
Most cross platform environments can't abstract away all the OS specific idiosyncrasies. For example, starting Java applications as a service is something Java cannot do out of the box. So you are left to come up with your own solution for that. NPM's scripts are not inherently cross platform, so if you use them while developing with Node.js, you may need to find your own ways to make them cross platform.
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Pro
There are lots of popular languages available that are pretty much OS independent
For example, node.js, Java, pearl, Python, Ruby, HTML, CSS, Javascript.
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Con
Learning how to test can be costly
Learning how to test one's code can be more complicated, depending upon the language because you may need to test certain aspects of your application on different OSes. This means more setup time as well.
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Pro
You can focus on learning
Developing at this higher level allows you to focus on solving problems and learning the language rather than learning an unfamiliar OS.
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Con
Write once - test everywhere
The idea behind cross-platform languages looks nice at the first glance, but in reality in the very best case boils down to an infamous "write once - test everywhere" pattern.
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Pro
Can give you experience across OSes
Developing in a language that supports many OSes gives you potentially more room to grow, by giving you an excuse to try other OSes once you become comfortable in the basics of a language.
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Con
Very limited language options
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Pro
Online tools
If you are keen on just diving right into coding, there are many tools that run in your browser that allow you to get going without needing to setup anything locally. For example, codepen and coding.
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Experiences
9
5
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