x11vnc allows one to view remotely and interact with real X displays (i.e. a display corresponding to a physical monitor, keyboard, and mouse) with any VNC viewer. In this way it plays the role for Unix/X11 that WinVNC plays for Windows.
It has built-in SSL/TLS encryption and 2048 bit RSA authentication, including VeNCrypt support; UNIX account and password login support; server-side scaling; single port HTTPS/HTTP+VNC; Zeroconf service advertising; and TightVNC and UltraVNC file-transfer. It has also been extended to work with non-X devices: natively on Mac OS X Aqua/Quartz, webcams and TV tuner capture devices, and embedded Linux systems such as Qtopia Core. Full IPv6 support is provided. More features are described here.
It also provides an encrypted Terminal Services mode (-create, -svc, or -xdmsvc options) based on Unix usernames and Unix passwords where the user does not need to memorize his VNC display/port number. Normally a virtual X session (Xvfb) is created for each user, but it also works with X sessions on physical hardware. See the tsvnc terminal services mode of the SSVNC viewer for one way to take advantage of this mode.
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Pros
Pro Attaches to real X display rather than a "dummy" X display
Pro Supports SSH
Pro UltraVNC features available
Many UltraVNC features like filesharing, encryption etc are available in X11VNC
Pro Faster and easily configured with comprehensible command line parameters
Cons
Con Requires real X display
Might pose problems for "headless" systems