Broccoli is a backend agnostic asset pipeline similar to the Rails asset pipeline.
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Pros
Pro Brocfile fairly straightforward and small
Pro Rebuilds are really fast
In larger apps rebuilds get slower and slower as the size of the application increases. Broccoli deals with this by building only the files that were changed and intelligently figuring out their dependencies. This leads to rebuilds being of O(1) constant-time (in Software Engineering terms).
Pro Chainable plugins
With broccoli developers can chain plugins.
var tree = broccoli.makeTree('lib')
tree = compileCoffeeScript(tree)
tree = uglifyJS(tree)
return tree
Cons
Con Windows not fully supported
Con Assumptions about your project limit what you can do
Assumes you want to always output to single output directory. This directory must not exist at the time of running. It also (therefore) can't be your current directory. This puts broccoli slightly out of the class of a truly general "task runner".
Con Small community
Broccoli's community is still relatively small and not very active, at least compared to it's competitors. This leads to fewer plugins, guides and less support from developers for any problem that you may face using Broccoli.