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Development
What are the best unikernels?
8
Options
Considered
21
User
Recs.
Apr 24, 2021
Last
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8
Options
Considered
Best unikernels
Price
Platforms
Number of languages
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Rumprun
-
-
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Mirage OS
-
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OSv
-
-
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Unikraft
FREE
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ClickOS
-
-
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See Full List
--
Rumprun
My Rec
ommendation
for
Rumprun
My Recommendation for
Rumprun
All
3
Pros
2
Cons
1
Top
Pro
•••
Can run on bare hardware as well as hypervisors
Rumprun is multiplatform and can run on different types of platforms, including hypervisors (such as Xen and KVM) as well as running on bare hardware.
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Top
Con
•••
Has some complexity added because it's not based on a language with process isolation
Since C and C++ (with which Rumprun is built) have no language level isolation, Rumprun doesn't have process isolation either. Because of this, sensitive components have to be split into different nodes, isolated by either different virtual machines or different computers.
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Top
Pro
•••
Can be integrated to existing systems
Rump provides kernel-quality drivers for a variety of use-cases from filesystem to PCI device drivers. Because of this, they can be integrated into existing systems or can be run as standalone unikernels on hypervisors.
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Get it
here
Recommend
4
--
Mirage OS
My Rec
ommendation
for
Mirage OS
My Recommendation for
Mirage OS
All
4
Pros
3
Cons
1
Top
Pro
•••
Large collection of libraries available
There are more than 100 libraries compatible with MirageOS available and more are being developed everyday.
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Top
Con
•••
May be too much for regular development work
Letting developers work closer to the metal also makes them lose a lot of the useful abstractions a normal OS has which are not built for no reason. Considering this, it may not be a good idea to always use MirageOS for deploying an application.
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Top
Pro
•••
Built with security in mind
What MirageOS does in simple terms is to provide only the minimal needed for an app to run. It provides only the required network and hardware drivers needed to execute. Using this approach it minimizes the attack surface for potential hackers since they don't have any shell to log into or any other insecure cruft that other deployment methods, such as full operating systems have.
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Top
Pro
•••
OCaml
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Get it
here
Recommend
4
1
--
OSv
My Rec
ommendation
for
OSv
My Recommendation for
OSv
All
4
Pros
3
Cons
1
Top
Pro
•••
Quick booting
OSv is able to boot in less than a second.
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Top
Con
•••
Can only run one application at a time
Since it tries to have maximum performance, OSv can only afford to run one application per hypervisor at a time.
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Top
Pro
•••
Amazing performance
Since OSv is created to run one single application on top of a hypervisor, it offers great performance and speed.
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Top
Pro
•••
Supports multiple platforms
OSv can run applications written in multiple programming languages and that run on multiple different platforms. Such as Java, C, Ruby, Node and Scala. With support for other languages on the way.
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Get it
here
Recommend
2
--
Unikraft
My Rec
ommendation
for
Unikraft
My Recommendation for
Unikraft
All
4
Experiences
1
Pros
3
Top
Pro
•••
High performance
According to the published paper, Unikraft has the best performance among unikernels.
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ReceptiveIphimedeia's Experience
Supports
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Top
Pro
•••
Many libraries and applications available
Unikraft had support for many popular applications such as Nginx, Redis and Python 3.
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Top
Pro
•••
Active development
Unikraft has an active developer community.
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FREE
Recommend
1
--
ClickOS
My Rec
ommendation
for
ClickOS
My Recommendation for
ClickOS
All
3
Pros
2
Cons
1
Top
Pro
•••
Can run a large number of instances concurrently and cheaply
More than 100 instances of ClickOS can be run concurrently while saturating only a 10GB pipe on an inexpensive server.
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Top
Con
•••
Has some complexity added because it's not based on a language with process isolation
Since C and C++ (with which ClickOS is built) have no language level isolation, ClickOS doesn't have process isolation either. Because of this, sensitive components have to be split into different nodes, isolated by either different virtual machines or different computers.
See More
Top
Pro
•••
Great performance
Benchmarks have shown that ClickOS has great performance. It boots quickly (averages at about 20milliseconds) and has very little delay (about 45 microseconds).
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Hide
See All
Get it
here
Recommend
3
1
--
IncludeOS
My Rec
ommendation
for
IncludeOS
My Recommendation for
IncludeOS
All
2
Pros
1
Cons
1
Top
Pro
•••
Very slim
IncludeOS is a very lightweight piece of software, even for Linux standards. It includes a bootloader, OS components and a complete C++ library and it's just 693K when optimized for use. It's even less than 1MB.
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Top
Con
•••
Has some complexity added because it's not based on a language with process isolation
Since C and C++ (with which IncludeOS is built) have no language level isolation, IncludeOS doesn't have process isolation either. Because of this, sensitive components have to be split into different nodes, isolated by either different virtual machines or different computers.
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Hide
Get it
here
Recommend
2
--
HaLVM
My Rec
ommendation
for
HaLVM
My Recommendation for
HaLVM
All
2
Pros
1
Cons
1
Top
Pro
•••
Highly secure
What HaLVM does in simple terms is to provide only the minimal needed for an app to run. It provides only the required network and hardware drivers needed to execute. Using this approach it minimizes the attack surface for potential hackers since they don't have any shell to log into or any other insecure cruft that other deployment methods, such as full operating systems have.
See More
Top
Con
•••
Compiling from source can be problematic
Usually with cutting-edge software the compilation process never really goes as expected. Same is with HaLVM as well. You may need to install additional libraries that are probably missing or even tweak configurations here and there. So it would be best to avoid this process if you don't feel comfortable enough with compiling from source. So you have to stick with the package manager of choice (if it's available for the particular Linux distro you are using).
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Get it
here
Recommend
1
--
LING
My Rec
ommendation
for
LING
My Recommendation for
LING
All
3
Pros
2
Specs
Top
Pro
•••
Highly integrated with Erlang
LING is highly compatible with Erlang and is able to easily understand .beam files. Developers can write programs in Erlang and easily deploy it to LING unikernels.
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Specs
Platforms:
iOS, Android, Web
Number of languages:
50+
Top
Pro
•••
Few external libraries
LING is very lightweight. For example, it only uses three external libraries.
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Get it
here
Recommend
1
1
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