When comparing Silex vs Lumen, the Slant community recommends Silex for most people. In the question“What are the best PHP frameworks?” Silex is ranked 14th while Lumen is ranked 18th. The most important reason people chose Silex is:
The thing that makes Silex stand out from other PHP microframeworks is the fact that it's built using some of Symfony2's components. Making it quite powerful but still lightweight enough to be considered a true microframework.
Specs
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Pros
Pro Built on top of Symfony components
The thing that makes Silex stand out from other PHP microframeworks is the fact that it's built using some of Symfony2's components. Making it quite powerful but still lightweight enough to be considered a true microframework.
Pro Open source
Silex is open source and is licensed under the MIT license.
Pro Simple and elegant DI container
Based on Pimple, Silex has a simple Dependency Injection container that consists of just one file and one class.
Pro Testable
Silex makes use of Symfony2's HttpKernel which is used to abstract requests and responses. This in turn, makes it very easy to test apps created with the framework.
Pro Extensible
By using Pimple, the Silex application extends the Pimple class, which in turn is nothing more than an implementation of the ArrayAccess interface that has been a part of PHP since version 5.0.
This makes it possible to use an instance of the Application class as if it were an array. Like so:
$app = new Silex\Application();
$app['config'] = new Config($config_path);
This gives developers a great deal of flexibility when injecting dependencies and when testing.
Pro Easily upgradable to Laravel
Since it's basically just a minimal version of Laravel, it can be upgraded to a full Laravel app if the need arises. No need for code changes, just import the code to a new Laravel install.
Pro Feature rich

Pro Highest performing PHP micro-Framework
Lumen is benchmarked at 100/rps (Requests Per Second) faster than Slim v3, which used to be considered the fastest and most performant micro-Framework to date with the ability to handle 1800/rps. (1900/rps vs 1800/rps respectively).
Pro Easy to use
Cons
Con Documentation is not very extensive
The documentation for this framework is average, it's helpful mostly. But it is not extensive enough to cover everything in detail unfortunately.
Con Built for smaller tasks like APIs
Con It's based off Laravel and inherits its shortcomings
Lumen inherits many shortcomings of Laravel, such as static proxy classes.
Con Made to work alongside Laravel
Lumen as a framework is at it's full potential when used alongside it's older brother. Lumen was created to be used for microservices alongside Laravel, which is used for more user-facing applications. If a project is already using another framework other than Laravel, it would be better to use another microframework for microservices instead of Lumen.
