When comparing Karma vs Mocha, the Slant community recommends Mocha for most people. In the question“What are the best JavaScript unit testing tools?” Mocha is ranked 1st while Karma is ranked 4th. The most important reason people chose Mocha is:
Mocha runs independently from the [assertion library](http://visionmedia.github.io/mocha/#assertions), so you can choose which assertion format works best for you. Mocha most often is run in combination with assertion library [Chai](http://chaijs.com).
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Pros
Pro Easily extensible
Do you prefer other test frameworks such as Mocha, Jasmine, qUnit or any other framework? Well you're in luck as Karma can be easiliy be extended to wrap around ANY framework of your choice.
Pro Provides both Browser based testing as well as headless tests
Karma eases out the UI testing process as you can test your code on all your devices let it be smartphones, tablets or your very own desktop. If you don't want all of that, you always have the option of headless testing using a PhantomJS instance.
Pro Provides the option of running client/servers either separately or on the Development computer
These options are really helpful in cases, where you have the luxury of multiple machines (tablets, mobile phones desktops) around you.
Pro You can test your code in cross browser environments
Being able to test your code directly via your testing tool is a breeze! You don't need to download a fancy tool to see how your app looks in a number of different browsers, now that Karma would do the job for you.
Pro Has plugins for WebStorm and is supported by the Netbeans IDE
Thanks to Karma, you won't need to spawn up a new terminal just so that you can test your app, you can now code and test right from the IDE
Pro Supports different assertion libraries
Mocha runs independently from the assertion library, so you can choose which assertion format works best for you.
Mocha most often is run in combination with assertion library Chai.
Pro Write tests with Behavior Driven Development (BDD)
Allows developers to choose their development process. Not only TDD but also BDD.
Pro Runs in Node.js and the browser
Mocha has a browser build as well as a node command line program so you can test in client and server side environments.
Pro Makes Asynchronous testing extremely easy
No need to write tricky statements for Async testing. Mocha gives you a done
callback. Place this done
parameter in your callback function, that'll let Mocha know that you've written an asynchronous function.
Pro Integrates really well with NodeJS
The Mocha test framework itself runs on NodeJS, hence it makes everything related to it extremely simple. With Mocha's simple syntax and speed, testing your node.js app just got a whole lot easier.
Pro Custom full color test reporters
Mocha has multiple test reporters built in and you can create your own as well. The test reporters have full color and makes it easy to see if your tests fail or not.
Pro Easy to add support for Generators
Aside from the numerous benefits with generators in your application, You can now also integrate generators into your test suite. By using mocha, all you have to do is enable support for generators.
Cons
Con No Support for NodeJS testing
Currently Karma doesn't support testing of apps built on NodeJS. So if you have a node app, you don't want to use Karma, Mocha or Jasmine can do the job for you.
Con No plugin for Eclipse (yet)
Do most of your code using Eclipse, well, you're in bad luck. Karma doesn't have an eclipse plugin, though if you are a real die hard eclipse fan, you can see this little hack to be able to run Karma from inside Eclipse Link
(Time of writing: July 2014)
Con Can be intimidating for beginners
While some testing frameworks are complete out of the box, Mocha requires developers to select and set up assertion libraries and mocking utilities. For someone who is just starting to learn how to build tests this can be scary as they will also have to choose which libraries to use and learn them too.
Con No atomic tests
Tests cannot be ran in random order.