Slant community chat on DiscoursePro Built-in concurrency
Rust has built-in support for concurrency.
Pro Dependency management
Rust has an easy to use advanced, platform agnostic dependency management system. One can even define git repositories as dependencies so one can avoid the use of git submodules. Also it is very easy and convenient to distribute reusable packages.
Pro Threads without data races
Unique ownership system guarantees a mutable data to be owned and mutated by only one thread at a time, so there's no data race, and this guarantee is checked at compile time statically. Which means easy multi-threading. Of course, immutable data can be shared among multiple threads freely.
Con Immature Tooling & Ecosystem
Compared to C/C++, there isn't yet the wide range of tools available (IDE's, static analysis, build systems), while unavoidable for any new language and improving over time - its a noticeable down-side.
Con Hard to find learning resources or libraries
Because it's still a relatively new language, Rust does not enjoy a following as large as other languages/environments. Rust development has also been rather volatile for a long time during the beginning of the development of the language adding to this issue. Because of the small community,...
Con Asynchronous I/O is not (yet) a part of the core language
The issue of asynchronous I/O is still being discussed as a language feature, and not yet in the implementation phase.
Pro Extremely efficient
The C language's mentality is to trust the programmer. With all great powers comes great responsibilities. C allows you to harness the full power of the underlying hardware. No garbage collection is a blessing, not a curse. It forces the programmer to be aware of what he's writing. It'...
Pro Portable
C is portable between most hardware. Generally a C compiler is made for any new architecture, and already exists for existing architectures. C is portable between all operating systems (Windows, UNIX and Mac) and only needs a program to be recompiled to work. This allows anyone on any operating s...
Con Unsafe
C makes it extremely easy to make mistakes. Your language should help you be productive by abstracting mistakes away from you.
Con Lack of support for first class strings
C does not support the string type, nor does it support UTF-8 strings that modern languages are employing today. Instead of strings, C makes use of the *char type which is a pointer to a character array.
Pro Very good performance
Nim consistently benchmarks ahead of Go, Java, C#, Haskell, and of course all the scripting languages.
Pro Concise
Nim programs are concise, but readable.
Con Unfinished (as of October 2016)
Still needs more polish, but it's getting better all the time.
Con Garbage Collected
But Nim has very good GC - you can tweak settings for real-time app for example
Pro Built-in support for concurrency
Red has built-in support for concurrency and multi-core CPUs.
Con Not ready for production
Red is still on version 0.6.0. Which means that it still has some way to go before being used in production and in large projects.
Pro Provides a powerful data structure on top of C's arrays called slices
D provides a structure that builds on C's arrays called slices. A slice is a segment of an array that tracks the pointer and the length of the segment. Slices are extremely powerful because they combine the protection of knowing the length of the data with the garbage collector that manages t...
Pro Provides templates to support generic programming
D templates offer a clean way to support generic programming while offering the power of partial specialization. Template classes and template functions are available, along with variadic template arguments and tuples.
Con Reference implementation not open source
Part of the reference compiler DMD was made at Symantec and cannot be relicensed.
Pro Highly portable
Implementations exist for hundreds of operating environments, from mainframes and super computers all the way down to tiny embedded devices.
Pro Multi-Paradigm
Supports procedural, object oriented, generic, and other paradigms.
Con Atrocious complexity
The grammar is undecidable. Subtle errors can make the meaning of the program "undefined" by the spec.
Con Rather useless compiler errors
An error in C++ can be a result of many things, so often the compiler doesn't have very useful advice about just what the problem is. Sometimes this can feel like the error is "IT BROKE" and the solution advice is "FIX IT".
Pro Sensible language constructs
Swift developers have made the syntax easier for programming simple constructs such as equality and assignment. Many experts call this "syntactic sugar" but in this case, the proof is in the pudding.
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Pro Lots of production-ready libraries available
Common Lisp is arguably the most useful Lisp to "get things done". One of the main reasons of this is the large community behind it and the large number of libraries and frameworks already built to solve virtually any problem you may have when writing programs to be used by actual users.
Pro Portable
Common Lisp is very portable across multiple platforms. With a myriad of implementations available.
Con Too many implementations
There are a lot of Common Lisp implementations out there (CLisp, SBCL, CCL, just to name a few). Some implementations are free and open source, others are proprietary and cost quite a bit. Though none of them follow 100% the Common Lisp standard for example, SBCL fails about 50 official ANSI Common
Pro Easily process data from various sources
LINQ (Language Integrated Query) adds native querying capabilities to C# akin to SQL. You can write queries (either for objects or a DB) in the code and it'll get parsed by the compiler. It also allows to perform complex operations on any kind of collection.
Pro .NET code can run on many platforms
It's not compiled natively but pre-compiled, and the same pre-compiled code can run on many platforms.
Con Garbage collection
Impossible to realistically write a system that demands real time handling of events and deterministic behaviour when a garbage collection routine could run at any time. There are projects aimed to create such systems, i.e. Microsoft's Singularity OS, but they still rely on C, C++ and ASM to...
Pro Sophisticated and easy-to-use package manager
OPAM is a package manager for OCaml, which is really easy to use, just like npm. It creates a .opam folder in home directory. The documentation is great as well, and you can switch between multiple versions of OCaml for each project. You can also package your project and publish it on OPAM reposi...
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Pro Objects are dynamic
Objects can be manipulated even after they've been created, thanks to the "slots" having such flexibility.
Pro Simple to understand
There are only 3 types of data in PicoLisp - numbers, symbols, and lists. This makes it less confusing than other systems programming languages that have other types in addition to these.
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